Global Civil Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Civil Society - Essay ExampleThrough more than of the Cold War, realism (a later neorealism) dominated the transnational relations literature. This particular focus placed an almost exclusive emphasis on the state. However, with the introduction of concepts the likes of interdependence theory in the 1970s by scholar like Keohane and Nye (1977), alternative positions started to emerge. These alternative - neoliberalism in particular - approaches argued that economics and scare resources forced states to act with all(prenominal) other in increasingly frequency and in doing so states ceded sovereignty to international institutions.While neorealism re of imported dominant even after the Cold War, these alternatives raised(a) important questions not only about state sovereignty, but also about the existence of international actors and their relationship with the state and between each other. virtuoso particular approach that gained momentum after the Cold War was the concept o f Global Civil Society (GCS). GCS examines non-state actors such as Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), non-state organisations and social movements as a whole. Many of these concepts, though, are not new to the post-Cold War era. Rather, within the past two decades, GCS has come to refer to a specific set of actors whose fundamental interactions influence the orbiculateised world and particularly challenge the state as an alternative form of governance with these non-state actors playing an increasingly important role in international affairs. Accordingly, this paper seeks to call the main actors in GCS and critically assess their roles. First, this essay will define GCS as to generally outline the concept. Section two will introduce the main actors and their roles. Finally, the conclusion will offer suggestions on the future of GCS which will depend in large part on how current actors perceive and cooperate with each other.Define Global Civil SocietyWhile the concept of GCS was greatly developed after the Cold War, its origins can be traced back much preceding and include the idea of civil society. Heywood (2002, p.8) notes that civil society consists of what Edmund Burke called little platoons, institutions such as the family and kinship groups, private business, trade unions, clubs, community groups. Civil society was remove from the mechanisms of the state and, to varying degrees, influenced domestic state behaviour. And as the state interacted with other states with increasing frequency through the 18th century, so too did non-state actors. Through the mid-20th century, Lawson (2003, p. 50) notes that NGOs and international organizations started to significantly increase their interaction with states and this constituted the emergence of international civil society. While states still dominated, these non-state actors exerted more influence on the fabric of international relations. Yet, the framework and the interaction of these non-state actors were such that it was not long before the international transitioned into the global.Like many concepts in international relations, GCS does not have a universally agreed definition. Axford (2002, p. 558) states the existence of global civil society - a zone of transnational association and deliberation under the control on neither states nor markets