Mega Minds

CHAPTER ONE 1. 1INTRODUCTION One of the effects of all over-population in a country is unemployment. Unemployment is the undoing of graduates beca apply it liter exclusivelyy destroys the individual morally and raptures the ties and relationships they form. Unemployment is the point of a number of people, especially graduates non having a contrast to urinate their lives suit the rescue. Economy is the relationship or the link between the production, betray and supply of money and otherwise commodities in a particular country. A graduate is the someone who has got a university degree and has completed his or her tutor studies.In Nigeria, the main objective of e very(prenominal) individual who attends a higher grounding is arise a line of work later on all the struggles in the institution. precisely the reverse is the topic. Not more than 20% of the graduates every year from varied institutions of higher learning in the country gets comfort satisfactory immediately aft er school. Philosophers say that an idle mind is the devils plant lifehop. owe to the level of unemployment among graduates, crime grade gets on the increase. Frustration causes most of the crimes committed as a upshot of unemployment.Every individual would deal to piss their ends meet. So, that is why all the crimes atomic number 18 macrocosm committed. 1. 2TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT Unemployment raise be of mevery types. These argon 1 FRICTIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT This is a merciful of unemployment that occurs because it takes workers ab come out time to move from one job another. It may be the case that some workers find new job ahead they live their olds ones. In this case, a worker must look nearly for a job that is a good fit for him/her and this process takes some time. During this time, the individual is considered to be unemployed.But frictional unemployment is seen and thought and considered to last only for a while or short period of time. It has been seen by economist s not to be especially problematic from an economic stand point. It can be the peculiarly time because the modern-day technology is helping both workers and companies make job hunt process more efficient. 2CYCLICLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT. Its probably not impress that unemployment is higher during recession and depressions and low-pitcheder during periods of higher economic growth. But that is not the case for Nigerian economy in every way.Because of this, economist guard coined the term, cyclical unemployment to describe the unemployment associated with business cycles. When demand for goods and service in an economy falls, some companies respond by cutting down production egg laying off workers rather than by reducing wages and prices. When this happens, there be more workers in an economy than there argon available jobs, and as a impression there is unemployment. 3SEASONAL UNEMPLOYMENT. This large-hearted of unemployment results and can be say to occur due to the character of jo b of an individual.For instance, road construction workers. Their works and operation comes temporarily to a halt during the rainy season. This is physical conditions of the environment. Owing to the situation, they are said to be unemployed during the season. Again the fishermen see overly to be unemployed during the rainy season because of the high rise of the waters. So they are likewise termed to be unemployed seasonally. This type of unemployment is seasonal because the nature of the job of an individual suits a particular season to carry out effective operation.Apart from the above defined types of unemployment there are in addition wilful and involuntary unemployment. * VOLUNTORY UNEMPLOYMENT. This is a kind of unemployment whereby an individual or a person has personally decided not to acquire any job. * INVOLUNTORY UNEMPLOYMENT This is the reverse of the case of voluntary unemployment. Involuntary unemployment is a situation whereby an individual is willing and able to perform a particular task as a job but no one is anywhere to be found. This is the most kind of unemployment that is experienced in the todays Nigerian economy. CHAPTER TWO 2. CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT on that point is a saying, there is no smoke without fire. This implies also to the score of unemployment among graduates of this country today. There are many causes of unemployment. Many are the connexion of Nigerian university graduate, but the most harrowing is that of unemployment. Roaming the streets, looking for jobs that are simply in existence. When he is invited for an interview, he is subjected to inhuman treatments, discriminations and humiliations. And at the end of the day, he is left in the cold as the job is given to the applicant with the right connection.From time, the subject of unemployment has always been an issue of great continue to economists, insurance policy makers and economic managers alike giving the devastating effect of this phenomenon on individuals , the confederacy and the economy at large. Omobola (2007), traced the nations graduate unemployment problem to the root causes and came up with the goneime (a) Graduate definition of a job (b) Expectations and (c) Competitiveness 2. 2BOOKISH KNOWLEDGE AND privation OF SKILLS AND PRACTICE There is a big gap between academe and industry.And this is one of the major causes of unemployment among Nigerian graduates. Our educational institutions seem to be producing only academicians who end up not solving the problems of the day. Out molded courses are still being taught in some of our educational institutions with absolute equipment and technologies. This is not the case in some advanced countries are enhanced. In Nigeria, we can find a mechanical engineering student who would tell you all the functions of an engine but when you ask the same student to identify a part he has mentioned, it becomes a problem.Some lecturers guard fought for many years and have refused to make way fo r younger lecturers and is still living on his past glory. Our educational institutions have refused to expand facilities, employ modern equipments and also introduce relevant courses to meet the job market. 2. 3NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT AND ECONOMIC SYSTEM. just about of the people that returnle most professional jobs and services in Nigeria are foreigners. Negligence is laid on Nigerian graduates. And huge ransoms are give to these foreigners in order to reward them and also keep them back. CHAPTER THREE . 1EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT Unemployment lays very great effects on the society and the individual precisely. It is a slayer disease among graduates. Unemployment is as deadly as inferiority complex. * PROSTITUTION AND barbarian TRAFICKING When a graduate is unemployed for more than five years, especially the women, without having any source of income, she starts developing the interest in prostitution as a cure to her problem. * LOSS OF HUMAN ESOURCES The problem of unemployment ca uses loss of human resources. Labourers botch their maximum time in search of employment. INCREASE IN pauperization Unemployment deprives a man of all sources of income. As a result he grows poor. Therefore, unemployment gene prizes poverty. * SOCIAL PROBLEMS Unemployment breeds many social problems comprising of dishonesty, gambling, bribery, theft, fraud, prostitution and others. As a result of unemployment, social society is jeopardized. * POLITICAL INTABILITY Unemployment gives birth to political instability in a country. Unemployed persons can easily be enticed by any anti-social elements. They lose all faith in democratic values and composed means.They consider that the government is worthless which fails to provide work for them. * EXPLOITATION OF tire out In the state of unemployment, labourers are exploited to the maximum possible extent. Those labourers who get work have to work under adverse condition of low wages. All this tells upon the efficiency of labourers great ly influence the pattern of unemployment opportunities in the country. organism poor, a person does not make any gainful use of existing resources. * DEFECTIVE EDUCATION SYSTEM The education system in our country too has failed to respond to the existing inter-generation gap.It simply imparts general and literary education devoid of any practical extent. CHAPTER FOUR 4. 1 SOLUTIONS TO UNEMPLOYMENT A WAY OUT The government should put up and adhere to the rightfulness of job leaving age. This will give rise to the step-down of those who have been in office, thereby creating room for young school leavers to take up the jobs. This will help in the reduction of unemployment in the country. VOCATIONAL entry ESTABLISHMENT The government should lay emphasis on the establishment of vocational institutions in Nigeria.This will give and impart skill full intimacy on students or individuals. When an individual has attended a vocational institution, he can fend for himself. An individual lear ns a particular trade n a vocational institution. He may learn tailoring skill, craft, vulcanizing and other important trade the will give him income for survival there by creating employment. Government should recognize the professional personnel in Nigeria who waste their move most times in bars and put them in the spaces busy by foreign contractors.The funniest part of this all is that government pay image ransomed to these foreign contractors as salary and a way of retaining them. organisation like ITF Industrial Training Fund should also be enacted in the country. This is also related to vocational education institutions. Skills learning and acquisition centers should also be built across the nation, in different places. With the erection of these centers, individuals would be motivated to attend in order to get what to do.For instance, the Lagos refinery alone would project Job opportunities for up to 5000 workers and an estimate 2000 workers to run the industrial comple x. If all these are effectively carried out, everybody would be able to make food available on his table. CHAPTER FIVE 5. 1SUMMARY It is not a hidden issue, even to the eyes of toddler, on the rate of unemployment in Nigeria, especially among the university graduates. These are those who have burnt their mid(prenominal) night candles to make sure that they become some person in life, but due to the menace of unemployment in the country, the reverse has become their case.But no matter how everything stands, the menace of unemployment can still be traced back to concern the government of the country. If the government should make a move concerning this issue, at least it is said that heaven helps those who helps themselves, even the individuals will be motivated. It is when a hand is stretched to drowning person that attempts to rescuer can be made. The country, at the state of unemployment rate is seriously drowning. Sp more emphasis should be laid. Also we should try to delineate our culture and drop the culture of the white man British man.Emulations are on the high rate which I personally would term illiteracy. For instance, a white man may be seen putting a kind of fancy woolen material on the television set. This is because of the weather conditions over there. But a Nigerian would emulate and want to be like the white man, and one sees somebody putting a woolen cryptic material under the harsh hot weather condition of the equatorial Africa. ILLITRACY Generally, both the individuals and the top officials should all put hands on aggrandise to eradicate the irritating menace of unemployment in Nigeria.REFERENCES 1. News speak magazines p. g 26, 1992. 2. Mrs Omobolas speech on the causes and effects of unemployment 2007 3. Prof Jonan Bruwer, unit for institutional planning and research, june 2006 4. Google search engine _ Wikipedia encyclopedia _www. huffintonpost. co. uk/tag/gragduate unemployment 5. Yahoo search engine 6. A-one in English textbook an essay on unemployment 7. Marist chums Juniorate citadel of learning 2011 8. Newspoint theme p. g 12, 2008 9. Daily newspaper p. g 35, 2009 10. Vanguard magazine p. g 6, 2002.